Skepticism is a philosophical school of thought that questions the possibility of obtaining certain knowledge. It asserts that humans should suspend judgment on all beliefs and avoid making absolute claims about the truth of anything.

1. Pyrrho of Elis: Pyrrho was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in the 4th century BCE. He is considered one of the founders of skepticism. Pyrrho believed that sensory perceptions were unreliable and that humans could not know anything for certain. He advocated for "epoché," a state of suspended judgment, where one refrains from making conclusions about the world. Pyrrho's skepticism aimed at attaining tranquility and inner peace by freeing the mind from dogmatic beliefs.

2. Sextus Empiricus: Sextus Empiricus was a Greek philosopher who lived in the 2nd century CE. He was part of the philosophical school known as Pyrrhonism, named after Pyrrho. Sextus Empiricus expanded on the skeptical ideas of Pyrrho and developed a systematic approach to skepticism. He argued that since all arguments for and against any claim were equally plausible, one should remain in a state of perpetual inquiry and withhold judgment. This approach was called "Agrippa's Trilemma," which presented three types of skeptical arguments: regress ad infinitum, circular reasoning, and dogmatism. Sextus Empiricus aimed to achieve "ataraxia," a state of tranquility attained through suspending judgment and living free from mental disturbance.

Both Pyrrho and Sextus Empiricus contributed significantly to the development of skepticism, challenging the idea of absolute certainty in human knowledge and promoting intellectual humility and open-mindedness.

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