Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)...What’s the difference?

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There are 2 subtypes of cyclooxygenase, cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2).

Cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) is solely responsible for the production of prostaglandins that protect the stomach epithelium from acid, as well as the prostaglandins that promote platelet aggregation (e.g. the thromboxane A2, or TXA2).

Arachidonic acid is made of the cell membrane phospholipid thanks to the enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2).

Both COX-1 and COX-2 produce prostaglandins that promote inflammation, pain, and fever.

Only COX-1 protects the stomach and aggregates the platelets.

Platelets are called thrombocytes "cells of thrombus".


Hemostasis is defined as “cessation of blood bleeding”.

There are 2 types of hemostasis:
1. Primary hemostasis: formation of weak, temporary platelet plug (by platelets).
2. Secondary hemostasis: formation of stronger fibrin meshwork (by coagulation factors).

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To be able to answer exam questions, Try to think of primary hemostasis and secondary hemostasis as two separate entities. 1ry hemostasis involves platelets and 2ry hemostasis involves the coagulation cascade. If you like my videos, please consider leaving a tip at [ Ссылка ]
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