BRAF is a member of the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated (MAP/ERK) kinase pathway, which plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Dysregulation of this pathway is a key factor in tumor progression & cell proliferation. This genetic alteration has been detected in a variety of tumors like Melanoma, Colorectal cancer, Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Hairy cell leukemia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis & Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas. Targeted therapies directed to components of this pathway have demonstrated some success with increases both in progression-free and overall survival. Approximately 44% to 70% of Melanoma cases have a BRAF mutation, and of those, approximately 50% to 90% are the V600E mutation.
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