[ Offshore Tax ] How are US Pensions and Social Security Taxed in Spain?
Understanding the tax treatment of pensions in Spain is significant because, in some cases, pensions paid from other countries can be:
Completely exempt from tax in Spain
Partially exempt from tax in Spain
Subject to lower tax rates than usually applies
Treated as investments with the cost of contributions deductible from income received.
Let’s first remember that being a Spanish resident means that you are subject to Spanish income tax on all your worldwide income. This does not apply to those under the Beckham Law or startup law.
Pension Paid by a Former Foreign Employer
Such income is treated as usual earned income by Spain, just like State-paid pensions.
Pension Paid by a Foreign Government Employer
In the case that a double tax treaty exists between Spain and the other country, pensions paid by former State employees are usually exempt from income tax in Spain. Most countries have a double tax treaty with Spain, including, of course, the USA.
This exemption applies to retired Government-employed nurses, teachers, police, army personnel, civil servants, and local authority employees of all types and even, sometimes, retirees of nationalized industries. In some cases, the tax authority of a country will publish a closed list of pensions that are considered as ‘Government’ pensions. This is very helpful to avoid arguments with the Spanish tax office.
The way the exemption works depends on the precise text of the tax treaty but usually, the pension is not taxable but does use up Spanish personal allowances and lower tax rates. This can cause other income to be taxed at higher rates.
The country that is paying the pension has the right to charge income tax but usually allows the deduction of personal allowances.
Finally, there has been much confusion as to how United Nations pensions should be taxed in Spain. The subject is complicated, and each situation needs to be reviewed to obtain the correct answers. Part of the confusion originates from the guidance provided by the Spanish tax office which has not always been accurate.
Foreign Retirement Savings / Private Pension Schemes
This is where the most surprising differences exist. Some foreign private pension schemes are not treated as pensions by the Spanish tax system and instead are subject to income tax like savings or investment schemes. This is much like Spanish “Planes de Jubilación” that can be obtained from any Spanish high street bank. The interpretation of what defines this type of arrangement can be complex and tax advice is always recommended to see if your foreign pension could benefit from this special tax arrangement.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 INTRO
1:05 Foreign pension taxation in Spain
2:00 Government workers' pension taxes in Spain
3:30 European Union taxation for pension
4:08 OUTRO
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