How Silk is Made ? Silk Worm farming and harvesting process - How is silk made in China? silk production process steps Click Here To Subscribe : [ Ссылка ]
The silkworms are fed with mulberry leaves, and after the fourth moult, they climb a twig placed near them and spin their silken cocoons. The silk is a continuous filament comprising fibroin protein, secreted from two salivary glands in the head of each worm, and a gum called sericin, which cements the filaments. The sericin is removed by placing the cocoons in hot water, which frees the silk filaments and readies them for reeling. This is known as the de gumming process.[8] The immersion in hot water also kills the silkmoth pupa.
Single filaments are combined to form thread, which is drawn under tension through several guides and wound onto reels. The threads may be plied to form yarn. After drying, the raw silk is packed according to quality.
Stages of production
The stages of production are as follows:
The female silkmoth lays 300 to 500 eggs.
The silkmoth eggs hatch to form larvae or caterpillars, known as silkworms.
The larvae feed on mulberry leaves.
Having grown and moulted several times, the silkworm extrudes a silk fibre and forms a net to hold itself.
It swings itself from side to side in a figure '8', distributing the saliva that will form silk.
The silk solidifies when it contacts the air.
The silkworm spins approximately one mile of filament and completely encloses itself in a cocoon in about two or three days. The amount of usable quality silk in each cocoon is small. As a result, about 2,500 silkworms are required to produce a pound of raw silk.[9]
The intact cocoons are boiled, killing the silkworm pupa.
The silk is obtained by brushing the undamaged cocoon to find the outside end of the filament.
The silk filaments are then wound on a reel. One cocoon contains approximately 1,000 yards of silk filament. The silk at this stage is known as raw silk. One thread comprises up to 48 individual silk filaments.
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