What is VSAT ?
VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) is a satellite communication system that uses small dish antennas (typically less than 3 meters in diameter) to transmit and receive data from satellites. It enables remote or geographically dispersed locations to access data networks, including the internet, voice, and video communication, where terrestrial infrastructure like fiber optics or mobile networks may not be available.
Key Features of VSAT:
Two-way communication: VSAT systems support both uplink (sending data to the satellite) and downlink (receiving data from the satellite).
Global coverage: Since satellites can cover large geographical areas, VSAT is suitable for providing connectivity in remote, rural, or isolated regions, including offshore platforms or vessels.
Wide range of applications: VSAT is used in various sectors like banking (for ATMs), maritime, oil & gas, agriculture, education, emergency response, and military applications.
How VSAT Works:
Transmission: Data is sent from a VSAT terminal to a satellite in geostationary orbit using Ku-band, Ka-band, or C-band frequencies.
Satellite Relay: The satellite then relays the signal to a ground station or another VSAT terminal.
Receiving Data: Ground stations can connect the signal to the internet, private networks, or other communication systems.
Advantages:
Cost-effective for remote areas: VSAT is more affordable compared to building terrestrial networks in remote regions.
Scalability: It can be easily expanded to accommodate new users or locations.
Reliable: It provides reliable connectivity even in locations with limited infrastructure.
Disadvantages:
Latency: Due to the distance between the earth and the satellite (approximately 36,000 km), there can be noticeable signal delays (latency), affecting real-time communication.
Weather sensitivity: Signal quality may degrade due to adverse weather conditions, particularly with higher frequency bands like Ku or Ka.
