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**Title: What Are Sinus Fungal Balls?**

Sinus fungal balls, also known as mycetomas, are non-invasive clumps of fungi that develop within the sinuses. They primarily form due to an accumulation of fungal spores, most commonly *Aspergillus*, which get trapped in the sinus cavities, usually in the maxillary sinus. These fungal balls cause chronic congestion, facial pressure, and discomfort. While they don’t invade surrounding tissues, they can cause sinus obstruction and secondary bacterial infections.

**Causes & Symptoms:**
The exact cause is unclear, but they often develop in individuals with normal immune systems, unlike other fungal sinus infections that target immunocompromised patients. Key symptoms include persistent nasal congestion, postnasal drip, facial pain, and, sometimes, foul-smelling nasal discharge. Unlike other forms of fungal sinusitis, they rarely cause fever or systemic symptoms.

**Diagnosis & Treatment:**
A sinus CT scan is the primary diagnostic tool, showing dense, calcified areas in the sinus. Treatment involves surgical removal through endoscopic sinus surgery to clear out the fungal debris. Antifungal medications aren’t typically necessary unless there is a secondary infection.

**Prevention Tips:**
To reduce the risk, maintaining good sinus hygiene, managing allergies, and avoiding high exposure to fungal spores in damp or mold-prone areas can help. Regular sinus irrigation may also assist in preventing spore build-up. If you have recurrent sinus issues, consult an ENT specialist to rule out fungal involvement.

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