This lesson is an extension of the previous lesson on BLS guideline changes. The video segment summarizes the AHA changes to BLS guidelines in 2010. The reasoning for the change in the initial steps is explained. Guidelines for what is to be considered high quality CPR are provided in this lesson.

"Previously, the initial steps were Airway, Breathing, Compressions, or ABC. The literature
indicates that starting compressions early in the process will increase survival rates. Therefore, the steps were changed to Compressions, Airway, Breathing, or CAB. This encourages early CPR and avoids bystanders interpreting agonal breathing as signs of life and withholding CPR.

“Look, listen, and feel” for breathing was no longer recommended. Instead of assessing the individual’s breathing, begin CPR if they are not breathing (or only gasping for breath), have no pulse (or if you are unsure), or are unresponsive. Do not perform an initial assessment of respirations. The goal is early delivery of chest compressions to cardiac arrest individuals

Cricoid pressure was no longer routinely performed.

Pulse checks were shorter. Feel for a pulse for 10 seconds; if a pulse is absent or if you are not sure you feel a pulse, then begin compressions.

For infants, use a manual defibrillator if available. If not, then use an AED with pediatric dose attenuator for infants. If an AED with dose attenuator is not available, then use an adult AED, even for an infant.

High-quality CPR consists of the following:
Compression rate of 100 to 120 beats per minute for all individuals.
Compression depth between 2 to 2.4 inches for adults and children, and about 1.5 inches for infants.
Allowing complete chest recoil after each compression.
Minimizing interruptions in CPR, except to use an AED or to change rescuer positions.
Do not over ventilate.
Provide CPR as a team when possible."

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