In 1973, the world was thrown into chaos by the Arab Oil Embargo. This educational mini documentary explores the causes and consequences of this pivotal event, from long gas lines and economic slowdown to the rise of alternative energy sources. Learn how the Arab-Israeli conflict ignited a global energy crisis and shaped the world we live in today.

Sources:

Beasley, B. Alex. “Overview: The Oil Shocks of the 1970s.” Energy History Online. Yale University. 2023. [ Ссылка ].
Huber, Matthew T. Lifeblood: Oil, Freedom, and the Forces of Capital. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.
Yergin, Daniel. The Prize:The Epic Quest for Oil, Money and Power. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1991.
“OPEC: Member Countries.” Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, [ Ссылка ].
Seymour, I., “OPEC Instrument of Change,” St. Martin’s Press, 1981.
“A Membership of Arab Oil Exporting Countries | OAPEC.” Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, [ Ссылка ].
Cleveland, Cutler. “United States energy history in two charts.” Boston University Institute for Global Sustainability | visualizingenergy.org, February 20, 2023, [ Ссылка ].
Corbett, Micheal. "Oil Shock of 1973–74." Federal Reserve History, Last modified November 22, 2013. Accessed March 21, 2024. [ Ссылка ].
Bender, Marylin. "The Energy Trauma at General Motors." The New York Times, March 24, 1974. [ Ссылка ].
“The United States uses a mix of energy sources.” U.S. Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review, Table 1.3 and 10.1, April 2024, [ Ссылка ]
Lieutenant W. L. Dowdy III, U. S. Naval Reserve. “The Politics of Oil in the Wake of Yom Kippur.” U. S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Vol. 100/7/857, July 1974, [ Ссылка ]
Verrastro, Frank A. and Caruso, Guy. “The Arab Oil Embargo—40 Years Later.” Center for Strategic and International Studies., October 16, 2013, [ Ссылка ]
Alhajji, A. F. (2005, May 02). “The 1973 oil embargo: Its history, motives, and consequences.” Oil & Gas Journal, 103, 24-25.
Muhamad Hasrul Bin ZAKARIAH (2011) “The Oil Embargo Following the Arab-Israel War of October 1973: British Economic Experience and Reaction,” Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia), 5:2, 92-120

Image and Footage Credits:

“Cars line up for gas at a gas station in Martinez, CA, 1973.” (AP Photo/File)
“People with jerrycans line up for limited supplies of gasoline during the 1970s energy crisis.” (WordPress/Leonard J. Press)
“Street battle in Frankfurt am Main in 1974.” (picture-alliance/dpa/Joachim Litzenberger)
“Sign reading ‘Gas shortage! Sales limited to 10 gallons of gas per customer’ posted at a Connecticut filling station during the energy crisis.” (Owen Franken/Corbis Historical/Getty Images)
“Fukushima Daichi Nuclear Power Station, Fukushima, Japan.” (Tokyo Electric Power Co., TEPCO)
“Secretary of State, Kissinger at one of his first press conferences, on 12 October 1973.” (National Archives, Still Picture Unit, Record Group 59-BP, box 35, envelope VS 1053-73 Secy’s Press Conf)
“Smoke fills the air and Israeli artillerymen plug their ears while laying down a barrage on Syrian positions along the Syrian border on October 12, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War.” (Bettmann Archive/Getty Images)
“Texaco Garage, June 19, 1979.” (Brian Alpert/Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
“Arab oil embargo, Representatives of OPEC announcing the lifting of the oil embargo on the United States, March 1974.” (Everett Collection/age footstock)
“1974 Toyota Celica GT.” BigNickel, [ Ссылка ]
“A Look Inside The Arlington General Motors Plant - 1972 (Silent).” SMU Jones Film, [ Ссылка ]
“Amsterdam cyclists 1970s.” BicycleDutch, [ Ссылка ]
“President Nixon's Energy Policy Address.” Richard Nixon Foundation, [ Ссылка ]
“OPEC MEETING HELD IN KUWAIT.” AP Archive, [ Ссылка ]
“OIL EMBARGO ON THE NETHERLANDS IS LIFTED.” AP Archive, [ Ссылка ]
“🕎☪💥 Yom Kippur WAR of 1973.” Fernando Benitez, [ Ссылка ]

#YomKippurWar #OilEmbargo #EnergyCrisis #Geopolitics

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