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Ivan Čermak
According to the Indictment, Ivan Čermak was born on 19 December 1949, in the Municipality of Zagreb in the Republic of Croatia, then part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). Between 1990 and 1991, he was Vice President of the Executive Board of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) during which time he also served as an advisor to President Franjo Tu|man.
In 1991, Ivan Čermak was appointed Assistant Minister of Defence in the government of the Republic of Croatia. He held this position until 1993. Throughout this period and thereafter, he held the rank of Colonel General. In 1993, he was appointed Minister of Trade, Shipbuilding and Energy. At the end of 1993, he ceased to be a minister of the Croatian government.
On 5 August 1995, Ivan ^Čermak was appointed Commander of the Knin Garrison by President Franjo Tu|man. He held this position until 15 November 1995 when he was succeeded by his Deputy.
Mladen Markač
According to the Indictment, Mladen Markač was born on 8 May 1955 in ur|evac in the Republic of Croatia, then part of the SFRY. He graduated from the University of Zagreb in 1981. After completing his military service in 1982, he joined the police force of the Ministry of the Interior of the SFRY.
In 1990, Mladen Markač and others, established a police unit for special tasks within the Ministry of the Interior. He was appointed Deputy Commander of the unit which, in late 1990, became the Anti-Terrorist Unit. In 1991, Mladen Markač was appointed head of the Lu~ko Anti-Terrorist Unit. In 1992, he was promoted to the rank of Major General (reserve).
On 18 February 1994, Mladen Markač was appointed Commander of the Special Police of the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Croatia. In the aftermath of Operation Storm, he held the rank of Colonel General.
Individual and Superior Criminal Responsibility
According to the Indictment, both Ivan Čermak and Mladen Markač "participated in a joint criminal enterprise, the common purpose of which was the forcible and permanent removal of the Serb population from the Krajina region, including by the plunder, damage or outright destruction of the property of the Serb population, so as to discourage or prevent members of that population from returning to their homes and resuming habitation."
