Link to the video “Where BOTOX comes from (dangerous bacteria!) and how botox works” [ Ссылка ]
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EVERY CELL A UNIVERSE is my new YouTube channel dedicated to the wonders of the microscopic natural world. I explore how life works and what we can do with this knowledge.
Botox injections are used to treat chronic migraines, sweating, strabismus or crossed eyes, overactive bladder, muscle contractions and spasms or spasticity, Cervical Dystonia or abnormal head position and Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis or excessive underarm sweating. Botox is also the only drug approved by the FDA for a cosmetic use. Botox is used off the label to treat conditions like depression, speaking and swallowing difficulties, backpain, gastrointestinal problems, abnormal heartbeat and drooling.
Botox is made by Allergan and production happens in secrecy. This is done to protect the product from competitors and to prevent bioterrorism. Botox is a neurotoxin and shuts down muscles activity and in the wrong hands could cause massive damage.
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Resources
Magazine stories etc. on Botox:
A short Time article with a list of some of the more interesting uses of Botoxhttp://time.com/4501839/botox-inection-wrinkles-migraine-depression/
A longer Time article on how Botox is spreading to treat more and more conditions
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A Bloomberg article looking at the history and production process of Botox
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Here Brent Saunders said copying Botox is very difficult
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Here Dan Browne said copying Botox is very difficult
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Other articles and resources
The article stating that Botox is the drug with the most clinical applications. Also a good review article on the many uses of Botox.
Jankovic, J. (2017). Botulinum toxin: State of the art. Movement Disorders, 32(8), 1131–1138. [ Ссылка ]
Botox prescribing information
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Therapeutic Uses of Botulinum Toxin –book. A general book on Botox covering a range of conditions Botox can be applied to. [ Ссылка ]
A short review article on Botox for depression treatment
França, K. and Lotti, T. (2017), Botulinum toxin for the treatment of depression. Dermatologic Therapy, 30: e12422. doi:10.1111/dth.12422
A review article on the uses of Botox
Fayyaz Ahmed, R. G. (2014). Therapeutic Uses of Botulinum Toxin. Journal of Clinical Toxicology, 05(01). [ Ссылка ]
Botoxed camels
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Credits
Cell images in channel intro adapted from photos by:
Howard Vindin CC BY-SA 4.0
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
(NIAID) CC BY 2.0
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Other images:
Biohazard image adapted from an image from www.futureatlas.com CC BY 2.0
Clostridium Botulinum - By Matthias M. [CC BY-SA 3.0 ([ Ссылка ])], from Wikimedia Commons
Swimming Clostridium Botulinum adapted from CDC (PHIL #2107)
