Dr Ozello's Sports Medicine Report: Tibial Anterior Compartment Syndrome

Compartment Syndrome occurs when the tissue pressure within a compartment exceeds the amount of pressure it takes to push blood through the blood vessels in that compartment. This results in a reduced amount of blood flow to the muscles and nerves of the compartment. This named ischemia. The causes of compartment syndrome are varied but most commonly it is related to acute trauma or overuse. Compartment syndrome can occur in numerous locations including the thigh, forearm, hand, wrist and lower leg. In the lower leg, it can occur in any of the four compartments: anterior, lateral, superficial posterior or deep posterior.

Trauma is the most common cause of compartment syndrome. Other causes of anterior leg compartment syndrome can vary wildly. Tibial fracture is the most common cause of compartment syndrome. Traumatic compartment syndrome may be more common in men.

The incidence of chronic exertional compartment syndrome is a relatively common cause of leg pain in athletes. Especially running athletes. In chronic exertional compartment syndrome the symptoms are commonly bilateral and both genders are equally affected.

Compartment syndrome results from increased compartment pressure. When the systemic blood pressure is inadequate to overcome the pressure within a compartment, ischemia of its contents occurs. It can be acute or chronic depending on the mechanism of injury.

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS) is reversible condition caused by repetitive activity and resolves with cessation of the activity. In some rare incidents where the athlete continues the activity, irreversible acute compartment syndrome can develop.

Symptoms: Intense pain that is deep, burning or aching or a fullness, swelling, or tense feeling. A pins and needle sensation, numbness or tingling is present.

In Tibial Anterior Compartment Syndrome an inability to dorsiflex the leg may be present. A description of it as feeling “dead” or “weak” may be present. Tenderness is usually felt in the muscle bellies, typically at the middle and distal one-third of the lower leg. Pain increases with passive ankle plantarflexion. Ankle inversion and eversion may be reduced. Strength of pulses in the lower leg will be diminished.

In chronic exertional compartment syndrome symptoms increase with a specific activity and resolve with rest. The onset and resolution of symptoms can be reliably predicted.
Treatment: If the source of compartment syndrome is trauma, please see a medical professional immediately. This is an emergency situation and needs immediate attention.

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS): Immediately modify your training. Eliminate or greatly reduce the volume of the exercise that is the main contributing factor. Find a viable substitute and use proper technique. Train hard but train smart. Receive chiropractic care and massage therapy on a consistent basis. Perform self-massage techniques and proper stretching techniques. Provide your body ample time to recover between training sessions, Get on a consistent sleep schedule and utilize nutrition and supplementation strategies that fit your individual needs.

References
Tibial Anterior Compartment Syndrome [ Ссылка ]

***Disclaimer: Viewing this video does not take the place of seeing a medical professional, working with a nutritional professional, working with a fitness professional and receiving proper training in the medical profession. Please visit a medical professional for evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. Please work with a nutritional profession to develop individualized nutrition strategies. Please work with a fitness professional to learn proper exercise technique and to develop a proper training program. Never perform an exercise that elicits or intensifies symptoms. If an exercise elicits or intensifies symptoms, stop immediately and use a viable substitute. Always perform all exercises through a symptom free range of motion. Begin your training at your current health, fitness and strength levels. Increase intensity in small gradual calculated increments. Please use nutritional strategies that are designed to work for your individual needs.

Dr Donald A Ozello DC of Championship Chiropractic in Las Vegas, NV
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