The founders of these religions are Jesus Christ for Christianity, Muhammad for Islam, and Abraham for Judaism.
Christianity is followed by approximately 2.2 billion people, Islam by 1.6 billion, and Judaism by about 14.7 million (with around 45% living in Israel).
Within Christianity, there are three main groups: Orthodox, Protestant, and Roman Catholic. In Islam, there are Sunnis and Shiites, along with Sufism, a mystical and ascetic movement. In Judaism, divisions include Hasidic, Conservative, and Reform branches, with different ethnic groups such as Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews.
Each religion has its own holy book. Christians have the Bible, which consists of the Old and New Testaments. Muslims follow the Quran, and Jews have the Tanakh, similar to the Old Testament but comprising the Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim.
Regarding the concept of sin and salvation, Christianity teaches that humans inherit a sinful nature through Adam, which Jesus Christ atoned for with his crucifixion. Salvation comes through grace and faith in Jesus Christ. In Islam, there's no concept of original sin, and salvation is attained through good deeds. Judaism also rejects the idea of original sin, and atonement for sins is sought through prayer and repentance, with Yom Kippur being a significant day for this purpose.
All three religions believe in the concept of hell, although the specifics may differ. Christianity sees it as a place of eternal punishment. In Islam, hell is known as Jahannam and includes multiple levels; individuals may not spend eternity there. In Judaism, there's the concept of Gehenna, where those who die in sin may undergo temporary punishment, with certain sins deserving eternal punishment.
Monotheism in the 21st Century Monotheism remains a major force in many societies worldwide. Almost everyone you meet on the street is either Christian, Muslim, or non-religious. Even in non-Western societies with their distinct cultural practices and religious beliefs, you can find Christians and Muslims. It's important to acknowledge that people have the right to choose their own beliefs, exercise their religion, or not adhere to any faith. Mutual respect, tolerance, and interfaith dialogue are vital to promote peaceful coexistence and respect for diverse beliefs in today's society.

свернуть